Understanding Cortisol: The Stress Hormone and Its Misconceptions
Recently, social media has seen a surge in discussions surrounding cortisol, commonly referred to as the "stress hormone." This topic has gained traction among influencers and health enthusiasts as part of current wellness trends.
Many are warning about the supposed symptoms of chronically elevated cortisol levels, including waking up at 3 a.m., facial swelling often termed "cortisol face," and abdominal fat accumulation. They also share dietary tips and exercises they claim can help lower cortisol levels.
However, healthcare professionals caution: this trend may be misleading, and individuals should be wary of unverified supplements and advice.
* Cortisol: An Essential Hormone
Endocrinologists affirm that cortisol is vital for various bodily functions and is produced by the adrenal glands located above the kidneys. It plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation, immunity, metabolism, blood pressure, and other essential processes.
Cortisol levels fluctuate throughout the day, rising in the morning and decreasing in the evening, while also increasing during stress or illness.
Dr. Roberto Salvatore, an endocrinologist at Johns Hopkins University, stated:
"Cortisol levels are regulated minute by minute... it is rare for a health issue to be solely caused by cortisol levels."
He added that chronically low cortisol levels are often diagnosed as adrenal insufficiency, such as in Addison's disease, whereas significantly elevated levels may indicate Cushing's syndrome, which is typically caused by benign tumors in the adrenal glands or pituitary gland and can be treated with medication, surgery, or both.
* Testing Should Be Supervised by a Doctor
Medical experts advise against conducting cortisol tests without professional guidance, as the symptoms associated with high or low cortisol can overlap with other conditions, including fatigue, weight loss, hypertension, sleep disturbances, and excessive hair growth in women.
Dr. Katie Gutenberg, an endocrinologist in Houston, remarked:
"There are many nuances in interpreting cortisol levels, and I am concerned that patients may request tests on their own. A single blood test is often not informative and can lead to unnecessary anxiety."
* Supplements Are Not the Answer
While some influencers promote supplements like ashwagandha and magnesium for lowering cortisol, doctors emphasize that there are no proven treatments available without a prescription. Excessively lowering cortisol can lead to serious health issues, so caution is advised.
Salvatore also pointed out a condition known as "pseudo-Cushing's syndrome," which can produce similar symptoms due to alcohol dependence or other chronic issues without the presence of a true tumor.
* Conclusion: Focus on Health Fundamentals
Experts recommend returning to basic stress management techniques rather than fixating on a single hormone: prioritize adequate sleep, a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and mental health support when necessary.
Cortisol is not your enemy but rather a crucial ally... do not let trends dictate your health decisions.
