Syria and Israel Engage in Indirect Talks in Paris: Focus on Withdrawal and Security Guarantees

Indirect negotiations between Syria and Israel recently concluded in Paris, with both parties characterizing the discussions as 'positive'. This development is seen as part of a broader U.S.-led initiative to reshape security dynamics along the Syrian-Israeli border. Sources indicate that the talks centered on a potential Israeli withdrawal from certain Syrian territories in exchange for mutual security assurances.

U.S. Influence to Expedite Agreement

Both Israeli and Syrian officials confirmed that the United States is applying substantial pressure on both sides to expedite an agreement aimed at alleviating tensions and fostering long-term stability in southern Syria. A Syrian source noted that Damascus is willing to offer 'acceptable security guarantees for all', contingent upon the withdrawal of Israeli forces from areas they occupied after December 2024.

Non-Negotiable: Sweida

Damascus has established a firm stance regarding the Sweida region, insisting that it not be internationalized or removed from the context of Syrian internal affairs. An informed source indicated that any discussions regarding Sweida would be handled through local agreements, without external military involvement, and there are initial signs of Israeli acknowledgment of this position.

Conditions for Separation Forces

The talks also explored the possibility of creating a separation force between the two nations. However, Damascus emphasized that any such arrangements must be mutually agreed upon, ensuring full Syrian sovereignty over the territory and its social structures. Additionally, Syria requested a shift in Israeli rhetoric concerning 'protecting minorities', asserting that this is an internal matter.

Netanyahu's Caution Amid U.S. Pressure

Despite some progress, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu expressed hesitance regarding several Syrian demands, particularly concerning the complete withdrawal from nine military sites and checkpoints in southern Syria. Nevertheless, Israeli sources reported that the U.S. administration views these demands as 'reasonable' and continues to encourage negotiations.

Revisiting the 1974 Agreement

A Syrian official revealed that the core of the discussions revolves around revitalizing the 1974 disengagement agreement, which would facilitate the withdrawal of Israeli forces from positions they occupied following the previous regime's collapse, while establishing a balanced security framework that respects Syrian sovereignty and minimizes foreign military presence.

High-Level Participation and U.S. Involvement

The negotiations featured high-ranking delegations, with the Syrian team led by Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shibani and including the head of the General Intelligence Directorate, Hussein al-Salama. The Israeli delegation comprised key figures from both security and political sectors. U.S. special envoy Steve Whitkof and Tom Brack, Washington's envoy to Syria, were also present, underscoring the significant American role in this round of talks.

Steps Toward Normalization or Temporary Stability?

Israeli sources suggest that these negotiations could mark an initial step towards future normalization, although significant hurdles remain, particularly Syria's firm rejection of any buffer zones in the south, which President Ahmad al-Shara previously warned could escalate regional tensions.